Essay on Educational Psychology - 1169 Words

One of the more popular areas of psychology is Educational Psychology. Educational Psychology can be explained several ways. The idea is to study theories and concepts from different parts of psychology and apply them in educational settings. These educational settings may occur in different school settings such as preschool. The goal of educational psychology is to create a positive student-teacher relationship. Educational psychology uses five different types of psychology, behavioral, cognitive, developmental, and social cognitive, and constructivist in this research paper I will be briefly discussing each type of psychology listed above. Behaviorism is the point of view where learning and behavior are described and explained in terms†¦show more content†¦Some examples are belief, desire, ideas and motivation. Next, cognitive psychologists think memory structures determine how information is perceived, processed, stored, retrieved and forgotten. Cognitive psychology include perception, categorization, memory, knowledge representation, language and thinking processes. â€Å"The relationship of cognitive psychology to classroom is like the relationship of physics to engineering. Knowledge of the mind gleaned from cognitive psychology experiments will not tell teachers how to teach children, any more than knowledge of physics can prescribe what a bridge should look like† (Willingham, 2009) Developmental psychology is the point of view that occurs in learners over the course of a period of time. The developmental perspective includes theories that are continuous and discontinuous. Discontinuous theories are stage-like. The processes of learning and development involve distinct stages, which are characterized by qualitative differences in behavior. Theorists who use discontinuous theories use a specific beginning and end period for each stage. Continuous theories explain that learning and development generally happen in incremental processes. Learning involves changes throughout the lifespan. â€Å"Contemporary views on the nature of cognitive development have been vastly influenced by the work of one man. This was Jean Piaget (1896-1980), once a biologist, who turned hisShow MoreRelatedEducational Psychology and Assessment1205 Words   |  5 PagesCertificate in Teaching in the Lifelong Learning Sector - (Intensive) |Unit Title |CTLLS UNIT 3 - Principles Practice of Assessment | |Theory Assessment Number | | |Candidate Name |KEN PHILLIPS |Candidate Number | | |Date Issued | Read MoreExploring The Dynamics Of Educational Psychology1382 Words   |  6 PagesDynamics of Educational Psychology Importance of continued education. I think it should be a priority for educators to be up to date on research being conducted in the field of Educational Psychology because it promotes effective teaching and learning. If they stay updated, they will continue to learn new teaching methods and learning styles that will help their students to succeed. I think if educators are only sticking to the past research that they learned in educational psychology rather thanRead MoreTheories And Research Of Educational Psychology1615 Words   |  7 PagesSelect one area of applied psychology in this module. Discuss how theory and research in this area has been helpful or unhelpful in addressing human problems. Educational psychology has produced a vast array of theory and research that can be applied to educational settings to address problems that may occur. This essay will discuss how helpful, or not so helpful, research and theory has been in dealing with problems found in schools such as morality and understanding how children learn in orderRead MoreReflection Paper On Educational Psychology2629 Words   |  11 PagesErna Ananna Professor Gefen CEDF 710, Educational Psychology Date: 17th December, 2014 Fieldwork Reflection I. Introduction: Few weeks ago, I had an opportunity to observe a fifth grade inclusive classroom in P.S. 146, Anna M. Short School which is located in the Upper East Side of Manhattan. They had a total of 32 students where 16 of them are boys and 16 of them are girls. The class has collaborative teaching system. One of the class teachers is specialized on Special Education. They have totalRead MoreThe Field Of Educational Psychology856 Words   |  4 PagesSnowman, Jack (1997) defined educational psychology as a branch of psychology concerned with the scientific study of human learning. The study of learning processes, from both cognitive and behavioral perspectives, allows researchers to understand individual differences in intelligence, cognitive development, affect, motivation, self-regulation, and self-concept, as well as their role in learning. The field of educational psychology relies heavily on quantitative methods, including testing and measurementRead MoreNature of Educational Psychology3 596 Words   |  15 PagesCHAPTER NO 1: NATURE OF EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY MEANING OF PSYCHOLOGY The word â€Å"psychology† comes form the Greek word (Psyche mean Soul, Logos mean Science), thus the meaning of Psychology is the science of soul. EDUCATION AND PSYCHOLOGY Education in the narrow sense is the modification of behaviour of children in a controlled environment. To shape the behaviour of the subject and bring some positive or negative changes, it is necessary to study the science of behaviour. The developmentalRead MoreEducational Psychology : Vocabulary Terms1025 Words   |  5 PagesRegan Garey 1-18-16 Educational Psychology Vocabulary Terms 1 Action research- a process of different methods that are used to diagnose and solve issues that arise within schools or problems that teachers can face themselves. This process helps to improve or change the actions of those people involved. 2 Behavioral health- the range of mental and emotional well-being of a person. This would include how that person copes with normal, day-to-day activities to the challenges of life and everythingRead MoreMy Paper On Is Educational Psychology1545 Words   |  7 Pages The topic pertinent to psychology that i chose to do my paper on is educational psychology. Educational psychology is the study of how humans learn and retain knowledge, primarily in educational settings like classrooms. This branch not only involves just the learning process of early childhood and adolescence but it also involves the social, emotional, and cognitive learning processes that are involved in humans throughout their entire lifespan. Educational psychology combines numerous amountsRead MoreEducational Psychology Personal Statement896 Words   |  4 Pages​When I declared a psychology major during the second year of my undergraduate career, my objective was to attend medical school and eventually become a psychiatrist. I enjoyed the psychology classes in which I was enrolled and found them to compliment the premed curriculum I also wanted to study. I reasoned that a major in psychology would provide insight that could later be useful in my planned studies of psychiatry. Although I decided against going to medical school, psychology remained the primaryRead MoreThe Role of Educational Psychology in Teaching2687 Words   |  11 PagesThe Role of Educational Psychology in Teaching Aundrea Riley PSY 6631: Psychological Foundations of Education March 9, 2012 Dabney Hunter McKenzie, Ph.D. Introduction There are many who have wondered about the place of educational psychology in teaching and learning. However, a closer look at the nature and scope of learning and teaching and the essence of educational psychology clearly shows a relationship that can be best described as mutually

Divided Races The Help And Its Controversy - 3530 Words

Divided Races: The Help and its Controversy â€Å"What I am sure about is this: I don’t presume to think that I know what it really felt like to be a black woman in Mississippi, especially in the 1960s. I don’t think it is something any white woman on the other end of a black woman’s paycheck could ever truly understand. But trying to understand is vital to our humanity.† (Stockett Help 528-29) The above statement emphasizes Kathryn Stockett’s acknowledgment that The Help is a work of historical fiction. Like other historical fiction books, The Help is a book that entertains and takes the reader to a different place, which in The Help is Jackson, Mississippi in the middle of the Civil Rights Movement. Stockett’s use and inclusion of†¦show more content†¦Despite all that Demetrie did, the racial divide was very defined and strong throughout Stockett’s childhood. As a child, Stockett wasn’t allowed to eat at the same table as Demetrie: â€Å"That was just a normal part of life, the rules between blacks and whites† (Stockett Help 526). Demetrie always wore a white uniform, and that uniform allowed her entrance into places that ordinarily would have been denied to her because of her skin color. She used her own bathroom at all times, even if it meant having to go in one outside if the house only had one bathroom (Stockett  "This Life†). After Stockett grew up, she began to reminisce about her childhood and the impact that Demetrie had on her growing up. She began to recall stories that Demetrie had told to her as a child, but had never quite fully comprehended their meaning since she was so young and still so innocent and naà ¯ve. Stockett realized that despite not being treated as an equal, Demetrie none the less loved Stockett and took care of her as if she were her own. This led to the idea of The Help, a book that gives people an insight into what it was like to work in the South as a black person for a white family. Stockett used her own personal experience with her nanny, Demetrie, as a foundation for her book. She also

Social policy and youth studies- Written personal statement, Free Essays

Introduction and Aims Having completed a period of work experience within a childcare environment, I have gained a wide variety of experience and developed my own personal attributes, which I feel will ultimately enable me to become a valuable and responsible member of a childcare team, focusing on youth studies and social policy (Farrell Travers, 2005). This personal statement aims to chart the journey which I have undergone in the last year, including looking at those attributes and skills that I have either developed or improved, as a result of applying the learning which I have obtained during my time operating within a work experience environment. Crucially, I also had the opportunity to speak with far more experienced individuals than myself and this gave me an insight into how my career was likely to develop, from this point onwards. We will write a custom essay sample on Social policy and youth studies- Written personal statement, or any similar topic only for you Order Now I am currently coming to the end of my second year of studies and therefore, whilst I gained considerable knowledge during this work experience, there are still certain aspects of my own personal development which I need to focus on and further areas of development that will enable me to become even more efficient, in the future (Sanderson Percy-Smith, 1995). Work Experience Background My work experience took place within a childcare environment, dealing with eight year old children. I worked alongside several different professionals, including those who dealt with the day-to-day care of the younger children, as well as those involved more in the policy development of new skills among the older children, such as preparing them for formal education and supporting those who were already in formal education (Callender, 2000). I worked primarily alongside the lead individuals dealing with children of school age, i.e. those who were six to eight years old and this involved looking at the types of activities and work they were undertaking during the school day, in order to ensure that childcare activities outside of the school day, at the very least, did not contradict the work being undertaken within the school environment. A greater emphasis was also placed on social and emotional skills which were seen to be developing at a rapid rate during this age category, particu larly when children entered formal education for the first time (Pettit et al 1999). Skills, Attributes and Values Gained During Work Experience During my work experience within a childcare environment several skills attributes and values were gained. Many of these were gained as a result of shadowing a very experienced member of the team, as it enables me to identify ways in which I could potentially operate, in the future. The main skills which I gained during this work experience included the ability to think in a much more rounded way about situations being presented to me. During my first year of education, a large proportion of the activities were based on developing the ability to complete worksheets that would be appropriate for the children in my care, as well as much of the administrative activity that I perceived to be central to the childcare environment (Training and Employment Agency 1999). Whilst it remained important to follow educational policies, particularly with those children who were already of compulsory school age, I became much more aware of my need to adapt and to be flexible to the needs of the chil dren, rather than simply shoehorning the day-to-day activities within the childcare environment into my chosen plan or policy. I also gained a much greater value when it came to the discussions with children and recognising the importance of social interaction and giving children the opportunity to express themselves (UEA, 2002). My own ability to identify potential social and psychological problems, as well as identifying children who were possibly having issues outside the immediate childcare environment increased dramatically, as a result of shadowing my mentor and spending time simply observing activities within the childcare environment (Smith Barker, 2000). Personal Skills and Attributes for Employability Many of the skills and attributes which I developed in myself were those that I identified in the more experienced member of the staff and I felt would be good as transferable skills within my future studies. However, although the focus here was on children between the ages of six and eight, these skills could potentially be applied across a broad range of different ages and this is therefore something that will be useful for me in my future work experience and employment. The ability to identify key policy issues and then apply them in a wide variety of different situations is incredibly useful and a central aspect of my studies. Understanding underlying social policies is also critical, as anyone involved in a childcare environment needs to be able to look at the broader social implications, so that the day-to-day work that is undertaken with the children supports these social policies (Munton, et al 2001). I also feel that I have developed additional skills in terms of identifying the various different needs of children, depending on their demographic situation. This type of understanding, again, will be useful in a wide variety of different situations. Moreover, the ability to apply policies and practices in a sensitive and appropriate manner will provide useful opportunities for me, in the future, particularly when it comes to leading change within a childcare environment (SQW and NOP, 2002). Next Steps and Career Development Following on from this period of work experience and when combined with the skills and knowledge which I achieved during my first two years at university, I feel that I am now ready to look towards applying these skills in a practical sense (Alderson, 1995). Furthermore, I am looking for opportunities to work within an environment that will enable me to lead change and develop new working approaches that were potentially allow the childcare environment to adapt to different situations, rather than following strict lesson plans or care plans. By placing a heavy emphasis on dealing with general social policies, I feel that I shall be much better placed for establishing ways of working which are not currently being used and this is where I intend to focus my work, in the future. References Alderson, P, (1995), Listening to Children: Children, Ethics and Social Research London: Barnardos Callender, C, (2000), The Barriers to Childcare Provision Department for Education and Employment Research Report 231 London: Stationery Office Farrell, P., Travers, T. (2005). A healthy start: Mental health promotion in early childhood settings.Australian e-Journal for the Advancement of Mental Health, 4(2), 1–10. Munton, A, McCullum, B, Rivers, K, (2001), Childcare Quality Improvement and Assurance Practices Department for Education and Employment, Research Report 266 Pettit, G, Bates, J, Dodge, K, Meece, D, (1999), ‘The Impact of After School Peer Contact on Early Adolescent Externalising Problems in Moderated by parental Monitoring, Perceived Neighbourhood Safety and Prior Adjustment’, Child Development, 70, p768-778 Sanderson, I, Percy-Smith, J, (1995), The Out of School Childcare Grant Initiative: An Interim Evaluation Department for Education and Employment, Research Series no 44 Smith, F, Barker, J, (2000), The Childcare Revolution: A Decade of Kids’ Clubs London: Kids’ Clubs Network SQW and NOP, (2002) The 2001 Childcare Workforce Surveys Department for Education and Skills Training and Employment Agency (1999), An Evaluation of Playcare Report by Policy Research Institute for Training and Employment Agency, Belfast UEA, (2002), A National Evaluation of Breakfast Clubs Department of Health How to cite Social policy and youth studies- Written personal statement,, Essay examples

Value Creation in Facilities and External Environments - Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Value Creation in Facilities and External Environments. Answer: Introduction Honest Jim Cars is a company that deals with the retail sale of cars from different manufacturers. Initially, the company only started out with a single car yard and limited variety of cars. Due to serious competition in the market and lack of sufficient promotion and funding, the company grew very slowly. However, after the initiatives taken by a well known loyal customer, the company slowly gained popularity and started to grow quickly. Currently, the company has three different car yards in Melbourne and is looking to spread over other states in Australia. After the retirement of the initial ownership panel, the company is now run by their sons who are now looking to make some significant changes in the overall operational policy of the company. In addition to the physical retail stores, the company is now looking to enter e-commerce, which is relatively new to car dealership. Furthermore, the current owners are now looking to implement a suitable business model that will help the company to grow within a particular framework. In this report, an overall review process has been conducted on the industry, external and internal environments of the company as well as the requirements set by the company owners. Accordingly, a mock-up design has been developed for the proposed website for the company and in addition, a spreadsheet has been created using the sales data generated by the company that gives insight about the current business situation of the company. Motor vehicle dealership industry in Australia has always been highly popular although it faced a sharp decline during the global financial crisis in the first decade of the 21st century. However, after that period, the industry again stood up and started to grow. The demand for cars increases as the number of student immigrants continue to increase in Australia (Bellini et al. 2017). Most of these immigrants seek to buy or rent cars as a medium for their transport. As per an estimate, the revenue generated by the car dealership industry in 2017 is $63bn and the annual growth is found to be 0.5%. Furthermore, the industry currently provides employment to more than 67000 people in the country. However, although the industry is stable and the demand continues grow, the competition in the market is also very high. There are many large sized car dealers who dominate the industry and are also being franchised. As a result, small and medium sized car dealers often find it hard to get a significant place in the automobile dealership industry and it requires significant amount of funds and promotion to get a hold on the industry (Artto et al. 2017). The two largest companies in the industry are A P Eagers and Automotive Holdings Group who have significant shares on the overall car dealership industry in Australia. In spite of the competition, many small and medium car retails have grown up including Honest Jim, which is now looking to use a suitable business model and ecommerce in order to get a strong hold on the local and regional market in the country. Business Model and Environment There are several business models that are suitable for the company. However, the best business model that will help Honest Jim to grow in terms of size and revenue is franchise model. The franchise model helps any business organization to build a suitable brand value that attracts more customers than other organizations who do not have brand values. Furthermore, with the franchise model, the company can open more retail chains in various parts of the country and immediately gain success through brand value (Anwar and Zebari 2015). The target audience for such business framework should be the upper middle class and higher category of customers and the international immigrants who come to Australia for study and work. It is easier to attract the foreign immigrants with a proper brand value that also has significant international reach. In order to gain success in the proposed business system, the company must create a suitable value proposition that will also be aligned to the business model. This is required in order to attract more customers in their stores that not only generates revenue but also helps in gaining competitive advantage over other organizations in the same business domain (Galiano, Rodrguez and Saco 2018). In this particular case, the franchise business model is necessary and for that purpose, the company needs to develop and upgrade its own brand value. The overall need for the company is to first create a brand value by become a franchise by pulling all its business components under one common identity and system. In order to justify the value proposition, the company should open more retail chain stores in various parts of the country and also integrate business in all the stores using a common centralized server and a suitable ERP system (Kim and Talbott 2018). This will not only help the company to establish controlled approach to business but will also help them promote their brand equally through the various retail chains. SWOT Analysis and Discussion Based on the study of the internal environment of the company, a SWOT analysis can be conducted as follows. Strength Weakness i. The main strength of the company is that it has gained a significant amount of reputation through a well known loyal customer. ii. The company sells cars from excellent and popular car makers. iii. The company has three separate car yards for retail sale. i. The company does not have access to sufficient information system and information and communication technology (ICT). ii. The company lacks sufficient upgrades to maintain competitive advantage in the market. iii. The company lacks sufficient technical expertise to manage an upgraded information system and ecommerce. Opportunity Threat i. The company has sufficient budget to employ technically expert staff to bring suitable changes to the current system. ii. The company has a great opportunity to develop a franchise and deploy brand value system in the business plan. i. Due to lack of technical upgrades, the company is failing to cope with the strong market competition against some newly developed car dealer companies. ii. Sudden increase in popularity of online car sales means the company faces the threat of losing a strong customer base unless it enters the online car sale business as well. From the analysis of the internal environment of the company, it can be seen that the main issue associated with the business of the company lies in the lack of technical upgrades over the years. The company continues to follow the same business model from the start that is slowly starting to become obsolete (Ebben and Johnson 2015). Furthermore, the company lacks suitable personnel in the management team who are technically strong and able to handle new information system if it is implemented in the near future. However, with suitable budget for development and employment of technical staff, the company will be able to solve the issues and regain the control over the market. Porters 5 Forces Analysis The external environment of the company can be analyzed using Porters Five Forces as follows. Bargaining Power of Suppliers For the case of Honest Jim, the bargaining power of suppliers is medium due to a number of reasons. Firstly, there are already many alternative car dealers available in the market and hence, even if Honest Jim refuses to pay the asking price to the supplier (in this case, the car manufacturer), the supplier will be able sell the cars to some other car dealers (Gonzlez, Crcaba and Ventura 2015). This problem increases the bargaining power of the suppliers. Secondly, Honest Jim has sufficient popularity and with future franchising, the company will gain high brand value. This should encourage the suppliers to sell to them as there are more chances of sales of the cars from a popular dealer. This aspect will decrease the bargaining power of the suppliers. Threat of Substitutes The company does not face much threat of substitutes as it sells cars of almost all popular brands. There are currently not many substitutes of the cars available in the market. Furthermore, the company sells all the different classes of cars like Sedan, SUV and Ute thus ensuring all the demands of various types of customers are met (Sipho and Daniel 2017). However, in the near future, with the development of new class of electric cars like Tesla, the threat of substitutes may increase. Bargaining Power of Buyers For this company, the bargaining power of the buyers ranges from medium to low. The primary reason for this is that there are several other car dealers that have established strong business line in the same area and have deployed information system to take care of the business operations (Landau, Karna and Sailer 2016). However, the bargaining power of buyers does not go too high because the car prices fluctuate very less between various car dealers and only depend on the market condition only. Threat of New Entrants Unless Honest Jim upgrades itself with new technical setup and business framework, it may face significant threat of new entrants in the very near future. New car dealers are growing up in the nearby areas with advanced technical setup and technically adept management teams that are driving their companies towards excellence. Industrial Rivalry Currently, the industrial rivalry is very high especially due to the growth of many car dealers in the last few decades in the country and the increase of popularity and demand of cars in the country (vom Berg, Gmez and Sandau 2017). Already franchised car dealers have established a strong control over the market whereas medium sized organizations like Honest Jim has only got control over a small part of a regional market. Table Creation and Discussion The table for the raw data has been created and shown in the attached excel spreadsheet. From the analysis of the data in the spreadsheet, three insights that the managers can gain regarding the business have been identified as follows. Trend 1: Ute is the most popular class of car and this particular class has generated most sales and revenue for the company in 2016. Trend 2: In the entire period of 2016, the diesel cars have experienced much more sales than hybrid and petrol cars. Trend 3: The customers are preferring the latest models of the cars only as evident from the high amount of sales for the cars manufactured in 2016 and lack of sales for older cars. In the provided mock up designs in the Appendix section, three pages of the website have been provided. The justifications of the three pages are as follows. Home Page This is the page that opens when the customer enters the website. This page provides a number of information including new offers, slideshow of various cars sold and others. From this page, the customer can visit various pages like products, create account and others. Product Page When a customer clicks on a particular car, this page will open. This page will show details of the car, price, applicable offer and other similar cars available. Purchase Page When a customer checks out after selecting a car, this page will open and present the customer with payment options as well as request delivery location. The elements used in the website as per HCI and web usability guidelines are as follows. Visibility All elements in the site are easily visible to the visitor. Feedback The elements have feedback system for the visitor. For instance, whenever the visitor selects a car to buy, the site will ask him to register or login first. Consistency All elements of the website are fairly consistent, each element is arranged in an aesthetic manner and is fully functional. Accessibility The website is accessible to all internet users regardless of operating system. Home Page The home page is made as attractive and informative as possible. Navigation Navigation options are well developed and integrated in the website. Three additional tools that can be used by the company that will increase competitive advantage are as follows. Test Drive There can be a new page that will allow customer to apply for test drive. Driver Test This new page will allow customers to apply for driving test and earn license. Car Customization This new page will allow the customers to customize the car they will be purchasing. Conclusion In this report, an overall business evaluation for Honest Jim Cars has been provided. In order to get sufficient insight, both the external and internal environments have been analyzed and accordingly, a new business model has been proposed. It has been found from the analysis that although the company enjoys significant amount of success in the market, it requires sufficient technical upgrade and a suitable business model in order to maintain the business success as well as market competitiveness. Hence, franchise business model has been proposed that will help the company to establish a brand value. Furthermore, implementation of ERP system has been suggested so that the company can open more new retail chains but at the same time can be able to maintain business continuity and control over the entire retail chain. References Anwar, G. and Zebari, B.A., 2015. The Relationship between Employee Engagement and Corporate Social Responsibility: A Case Study of Car Dealership in Erbil, Kurdistan. International Journal of Social Sciences Educational Studies, p.45. Artto, K., Ahola, T., Kyr, R. and Peltokorpi, A., 2017. Managing business networks for value creation in facilities and their external environments: A study on co-location. Facilities, 35(1/2), pp.99-115. Beard, T.R., Ford, G.S. and Spiwak, L.J., 2015. The Price Effects of Intra-Brand Competition in the Automobile Industry: An Econometric Analysis. Bellini, E., Dell'Era, C., Frattini, F. and Verganti, R., 2017. Design?Driven Innovation in Retailing: An Empirical Examination of New Services in Car Dealership. Creativity and Innovation Management, 26(1), pp.91-107. de Oliveira, L.K., de Oliveira, G.F. and de Abreu Vieira, R., 2016. Identifying solutions for car vehicle deliveries in urban areas: a case study in Belo Horizonte (Brazil). Transportation Research Procedia, 16, pp.425-432. Dmtrfi, ., Pter, T. and Szab, K., 2016. Mathematical modeling of automotive supply chain networks. Periodica Polytechnica. Transportation Engineering, 44(3), p.181. Ebben, J. and Johnson, A., 2015. Simply sport bikes case study. The CASE Journal, 11(1), pp.113-122. Fresneda, J., Korschun, D. and Kothandaraman, P., 2016. CSR as an Adaptive Selling Tool: a Novel Framework and a Robust Analysis Proposal. In Celebrating Americas Pastimes: Baseball, Hot Dogs, Apple Pie and Marketing? (pp. 373-387). Springer, Cham. Galiano, A., Rodrguez, V. and Saco, M., 2018. Analysis of the behaviour of the clients assisted and sales variables in the different phases of the product life cycle. European Journal of Management and Business Economics. Gonzlez, E., Crcaba, A. and Ventura, J., 2015. How car dealers adjust prices to reach the product efficiency frontier in the Spanish automobile market. omega, 51, pp.38-48. Kim, Y. and Talbott, J.S., 2018. Marketing social selling jobs: a re-labelling strategy. Marketing Intelligence Planning, 36(1), pp.2-16. Landau, C., Karna, A. and Sailer, M., 2016. Business model adaptation for emerging markets: a case study of a German automobile manufacturer in India. RD Management, 46(3), pp.480-503. Lindquist, J.D., 2015. New Dealer Choice: The Buyer Perspective. In Proceedings of the 1987 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference (pp. 260-264). Springer, Cham. Sipho, M.S. and Daniel, T., 2017. External environmental considerations in the planning of strategies of car dealerships. vom Berg, B.W., Gmez, J.M. and Sandau, A., 2017. ICT-platform to transform car dealerships to regional providers of sustainable mobility services. Interdisciplinary Journal of Information, Knowledge and Management, 12, pp.37-52. Xiao, J. and Ju, H., 2016. The determinants of dealership structure: Empirical analysis of the Chinese auto market. Journal of Comparative Economics, 44(4), pp.961-981.